Blast-furnace construction.



L. L. KNOX.

' BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

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BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19. 1913.

Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

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BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19. 1913.

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BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19, 1913.

1 9 J]. 5 1L 9 1 92, Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

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BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

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WiTNESSES L. L. KNOX. BLAST FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 19. 1913.

1 9 1 5 l 9 192 Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

8 SHEETSSHEET B.

OOOOO'OOOOOOO OOOO'OOOOOO E 5 mv NTOR (was LUTHER L. KNOX, OF AVALON,PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 'TO KNOX PRESSEZD & WELDED STEEL COMPANY, OFPITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LUTHER L. KNOX, a citizen'of the United States,residing at Avalon, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inBlast-Furnace Construction, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, reference ture; Fig. 6 is a vertical section of aportion of the furnace showing another form of my invention; Fig. 7 is ahorizontal section of a ortion of the furnace shown in Fig. 6; an Fig. 8is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the furnace shown in Fig. 6;Fig. 9 is a'view similar to Fig. 6, but showing another modification;Figs. 10 and 11 are parallel horizontal sections of a portion of thestructure shown in Fig. 9'; Fig. 12 is a vertical section of a portionof the structure shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 13 is a view similar to 6 butshowing another modification; Fig. 14 is a horizontal'section of aportion of the structure shown in Fig. 13.; and Figs. 15 and 16 arevertical sections of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. 13, butthe two figures showing different modifications of a part of thestructure.

My invention has relation to improvements in blast furnace construction;and is designed to provide a novel and effective jacket for the furnace,which not only acts as a support for the bosh and stack walls,-

but also provides'a cooling means therefor.

A further object of my invention is to provide a jacket of suchcharacter that the masonry wall of the furnace may be greatly reduced inthickness without decreasing its strength and efficiency.

A still further object of my invention is to provide novel forms ofcooling and sup- Specification of Letters Patent.

BLAST-FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

Patented Aug. 24, 191 5.

Application filed April 19, 1913. Serial No. 762,228.

porting jackets constructed in sections or units which can be readilyremoved and replaced.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear.

Referring first to that form of my invention shownin Figs. 1 to 4,inclusive, the numeral 2 designates the masonry wall of the bosh of thefurnace; and 3 the masonry wall of the furnace stack. The bosh wall 2 tothe vertically extending girder plates 6.

These girder plates are secured to the vertical base columns 7 The unitsof the sections 4 are also provided with the top and bottom boltingflanges 8, removably bolted to the annular mantle girders 9, which arein turn supported on angles 10, which are riveted to the vertical platesor girders 6. A vertical series of units 4 is set in between eachadjacent pair of vertical girders 6; and the horizontal tiers of unitsis set betweeneach adjacent pair of mantle girders 9. The latter extendinwardly between the ends of adjacent units with interposed fillerplates 11 the securing bolts 12 extending through the flanges 8 ofadjacent units and also through these filler plates and the interveningmantle girder. In Figs. 1 and 4: I have shown each unit as having. atits lower end a hollow inwardly projecting portion 13 for the purpose ofcarrying cooling water inside of the masonry wall 2. The units aredesigned-to be kept filled with water in any suitable manner, as by thecirculating pipes 14 and 15. The pipes 14 are inlet pipes, whichpreferably are arranged to discharge within the inward projections 13;while the pipes 15 are outlet pipes leading from the top portions of theunits.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5, each unit 4* is shown as having twoof the inwardly projecting portions 13*, one located at its lower endand the other intermediate of its upper and lower ends. In this form thesupply pipes 14 are branched as'shown at 14 so as to have a dischargebranch within each of theportions 13*. The stack wall 3 of the furnaceis surrounded and supported'by an incasing jacket which consists of aplurality of hollow water-cooled units 16.

These units are removably supported between a series of horizontalmantle girders 17 and a series of vertically extending plate girders 18.I The plate girders are supported at their lower ends on a girder 19resting on v the tops of the columns 7 and extending substantially thefull height of the furnace, or so much of the height thereof as it maybe desired to protect and support by my invention. They are equallyspaced around the circumferefice of the furnace stack. The mantlegirders 17 are formed in sections set in between-the plate girders andsupported by the. angles 20 secured to the latter. Each unit 16 haslateral bolting flanges 21, bolted tal tier of units, 'as best shown inFig. 3.

Each branch 25 extends within the unit and terminates in acircumferentially extending discharge branch 26, within thelowerportions of the unit. 27 designate suitable outlet connections leadingfrom the upper portions of the units and communicating with acommon'vertical pipe 28. '29 designate wash-out connections for theunits.

It will be readily seen that any unit 1n case it should burn out orbecome defective may be readily removed and replaced by disconnectingits water circulating connec- 'tions and by removing the bolts whichsecure it in place. In this manner each unit can be removedindependently of and wlthout disturbing the other units. The various.branches of the water circulating pipes mayv be providedwith' detachablejoints such as shown at 25*, and also with controlling valves, such asindicated at 25", the latter providing means for cutting ofi. the watersupply to any unit when necessary. tov remove it. I V

The system of plate andmantle girders constitutes a very strong andefficient supporting frame around thefurnace stack, and when the unitsare secured in place they not only stiflen and brace this frame, .butform a water-cooledfjack'et which entirely surrounds and supports thebosh and stack walls. The stack wall may be further supported by asystem of circumferential metal 32 inset into the. masonry wall 33 in amanban'ds30; "and theplate girders 18 may be further connected andsupported by the circumferential plates or bands 31. j The constructionshown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 differs from that first described only in theprovision ofa different circulating system for the units 16; although inthese-figures I have shown a different form of the bosh coolers. Thelatter consist of hollow units ner generally similar to that nowpractised. In the water-circulating system shown in these figures, Iprovide a series of circumferential water tanks 34. These tanks are ofannular form, and surround the furnace, one tank being provided for eachtwo horizontal tiers'of the units 16. Each tank has a series of inletpipes 35, there being a pipe 35' for each pair of units. Each pipe 35 isconnected with one unit 16 by a branch pipe 36, and with the unitimmediately below it by another branch 3.7. The connectionof each pipe35 with its tank is through an injector nozzle 38 into which extends a'cold water supply pipe 39. 40 designate outlet pipes connected with theupper portions of the units, each vertical pair of the pipes 40connecting with the return pipe 41 leading back to the correspondingtank 34. The supply branches 37 extend into the units and termi chargebranches 42. 1

. By the arrangement of circulating" pipes above. described, the heatedwater from the. units rises into the tanks 34 and a certain amount ofthis water mixed with cold .water from the supply pipes 39 isreturned'to the units. This gives a continued circulation of the water,the tanks being opened to facilitate cooling.

In the form of my invention shownv in nate 'in circumferentiallyextending dis- Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 the'bosh cooling arrangement issimilar to that'shown in Fig. 6; but the stack coolers 43 are eachformed with a number of integral hollow projections 44 which extend intothe masonry wall 3 of the stack. The water circulating system shown forthis form of my invention is in general. similar to that shown in theform first described, except that the water supply pipes 45 are carriedvertically through the. units and are 'provided with a branch46 withineach of the inwardly extending portions 44. The relatively cold water isthus discharged ,within these projections and 126 within the refractorywall 3.

The form of my invention shown in Figs.

.13, 14 and 15 difi'ers from that just de scribed, in that instead offorming the units (here designated at 47) with integral inwardlyprojecting portions, separate cooler units 48 are placed between eachhorizontal tier of the units 47 and extend inwardly into the masonrywall 3. These units 48 are each provided with a water inlet pipe 49, 13a

and with an outlet connection 50. 51 designate wash-out connections forthe units 47 and 48. The units 48 areprovided with the outwardlyprojecting bolting flanges 48, which are secured by bolts 52 to thebolting flanges 58 of the units 17. In Fig. 15 I show two of the units47 between each adjacent pair of mantle girders 5i, while in Fig. 16 I'show only one unit 47 between adjacent mantle girders 51. The mantlegirders 54 and 54 in thesefigures are supported on the angles 55 rivetedto the vertical plate girders 56. These angles terminate at their innerends a sufficient distance away from the units 47 and l8 to permitaccess to the bolts 52.- By this construction any one of the units 48can be removed in case of necessity without disturbing the adjacent unts 47; Whereas in the construction shown In Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 afailure of any one of the inward projections 4:6 of any unit requiresthe entire unit to be removed and repaired or replaced.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent from the foregoing. Inot only provide an eflicient cooling system for the stack and boshwalls of the blast furnace,

but also an effective support which enables the stack walls .to be verygreatly reduced in thickness, as will be apparent by reference to Fig. 1in which the watercooled portion of the stack Wall is very much thinnerthan that portion of the wall above where the cooling jacket terminates.The jacket may be made to extend substantially the full height of thebody of the stack, as shown in Fig. 1, or it can terminate at anydesired point. The units are preferably made of sheet-metal; and Whileof suflicient strength to effectively support the masonry wall, theynevertheless have some elasticity to permit the expansion andcontraction of the wall. A failure in any part of the jacket can bereadily remedied by removing and replacing the defective unit or unitswithout interferin with the adjacent portions of the jacket. Ianychanges can be made in the lctails of construction and arrangement ofthe parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention asdefined in the appended'claims. Thus, the details of construction of thesupporting metal work frame can be changed, the form and arrangement ofthe units may be varied in detail, and anysuitable water circulatingsystem may be employed. As before "stated, the cooling units should havesome element of elasticity so that they will not crack or break underthe contraction and expansion strains to which they are subjected. Ifound from actual experience that cast iron units are not suitable forthis purpose, and, therefore, preferably make the units either of sheetmetal or castings of some material such as copper having a considerabledegree of expansion and contraction under temperature changes.

I claim 1. A blast furnace, having at least a portion of its stack abovethe bosh incased by a water-cooled jacket comprising a plurality ofhollow, separately removable, box-like cooling members whose innermembers are of sheet metal and possessing inherent elasticity or yield;substantially as described.

2. A blast furnace, having at least a portion of its stack incased by awater-cooled acket comprising separately removable, box-like coolingmembers constructed from sheet metal, said members being arranged inhorizontal and vertical rows and having connections for circulatingwater within the interiors thereof; substantially as described.

3. A blast furnace, having at least a portion of its stack above thebosh incased by a water-cooled jacket comprising a plurality of hollow,separately "lremovable, box-like cooling members whose inner walls areof sheet metal possessing inherent elasticity or yield, said water acketalso comprising hollow members which extend within the .masonry wall ofthe stack; substantially as described. I i

4. A blast furnace stack comprising an inner masonry wall and anincasing watercooled jacket, the jacket consisting of separatelyremovable, hollow units whose inner walls are sufficiently flexible topermit them to yield to the expansion movements of the masonry wall;substantially as described.

5. A blast furnace stack comprising an inner masonry wall and anincasing watercooled jacket consisting of a plurality of relativelysmall separately removable units, each of which is hollow throughout themajor portion of its area, together with means for circulating waterthrough said units, said'jacket providing means for containing arelatively large volume of water around the portion of the masonry wallwhich it incases; substantially as described.

6. A blast furnace having a skeleton frame surrounding its stack wall,said frame comprising a series of spaced vertical girders and a seriesof horizontal mantle girders secured to the plate girders, and anincasing jacket formed by a plurality of separate water-cooled unitsremovably secured to said girders; substantially as described.

7. A blast furnace stack wall having a surrounding framework composed ofa plurality of spaced vertical plates or girders, a series of horizontalmantle girders secured to the vertical plates or girders, and anincasing jacket comprising a plurality of water-cooled units, said unitshaving outwardly projecting bolting flanges secured to the said girders;substantially as described.

8. A blast furnace having a relatively have hollow water-cooledportionsextending thin masonry stack Wall, a skeleton metal Within the masonryWall; Substantially as frame surrounding said Wall, said framedescribed. comprising connected vertical and circum- In testimony.Whereof, I have hereunto set 5 feflentiali members which form a seriesof my hand. 2,

ce s an an incasing jacket comprising a plurality of separate unitsarranged in hori- LUTHER KNOX zontal and vertical tiers and secured insaid Witnesses: cells, said units being removably secured to H. M.CORWIN,

10 said frame and comprising members which GEO. H. PARMELEE.

